CEFLEX, a circular economy project with more than 180 European companies, associations and organisations from the entire value chain, developed Quality Recycling Process (QRP) to offer a more valuable way to mechanically recycle a higher proportion of plastic from flexible packaging.

It uses combination of four steps each delivered by an existing technology, including advanced sorting techniques, hot washing, extrusion with extra filtration and deodorisation.

However, while these technologies have been successfully trialled and implemented in different facilities throughout Europe, they have yet to feature in the same commercial site.

“The QRP enables a much greater percentage of flexible packaging to be returned to the economy – and in the quantities and the qualities needed to meet the requirements of new end markets,” said Dana Mosora, technology workstream lead at CEFLEX.

“Today, there is no single plant which has all four technologies in a sequence, which would make it a fully blown Quality Recycling Process and enable the highest quality recyclate possible from flexible packaging,” explained Dana.

Over the last several years, CEFLEX has tested its QRP in new and existing waste streams, including the so-called ‘310 bale’ of flexible packaging, which is a bundle of materials often made up of different types of PE films.

CEFLEX is looking to create the first commercial waste processing plant based around Quality Recycling Process (QRP).

CEFLEX found that if a single 310 bale went through QRP, a minimum of 20-25% of recyclate would be produced to one of the highest grades (PE Film Natural) and about 60-55% of the remaining material would be leftover for other rigid commercial activities, such as making laundry baskets or bottle caps.

If QRP’s four steps were all at the same plant, it could create a more efficient and steadier supply of circular materials for the marketplace. CELEX believes that having such a plant would also send a powerful economic current across the sector and incentivize even greater collection for recycling or flexible packaging, providing even more materials.

Dana explains that this is why CEFLEX has now embarked on the journey to build an industrial scale QRP demonstration plant with a goal to be running commercially by end of 2023.

“This will help us demonstrate the economic viability of the solution at a large industrial scale,” said Dana, adding that CEFLEX are now looking for more partners to join and help co-design, fund, manage and run the plant.

Foundations of success

The business model for a new circular plant already has a strong economic foundation after CEFLEX funded research that found any investments made into the project can eventually be offset by the profits generated in the long run.

The researchers used a range of market data to create a model that analyzed the composition of a typical 310 bale of flexible packaging and how much it would cost for it to go through a QRP plant and the revenues this could then generate.

This analysis found that it could cost around €520 for each ton of a ‘310’ materials to pass through a QRP plan, which incorporates the capital investment in QRP technologies like hot and cold washing, as well as additional sorting processes.

However, if the output experiences high enough demand it could see a revenue generated upwards of €600 per ton, leaving a net profit of €80 per ton and enough income to guarantee long-term profitability.

The research also found similar results for other bales of flexible packaging waste consisting of polyolefins (PO) and polypropylene (PP).

Building the business case

The final piece of the QRP’s commercial puzzle is having established and profitable markets for recycled flexible packaging materials. This saw CEFLEX work with another group of researchers to explore how QRP could supply new and existing markets with a source of materials that can compete with virgin plastic.

In a range of trials on using the recycled output from 310 bales, it was found that the reclaimed materials can be used for new packaging film applications as well as robust film and injection moulding too.

A PE collation shrink film has been made with 30% recycled content blended from the QRP materials, and performed very well when wrapped around a bundle of Pepsi bottles.

The PE collation shrink film made with 30% recycled content blended from QRP materials performed well when wrapped around a bundle of Pepsi bottles.

The trials were also able to demonstrate a 30% threshold of recycled content in resealable PP pouches, which Prof. Ragaert described as good enough to meet the needed functionality and production process.

Increasingly, plastic businesses are calling for a 30% minimum threshold of recycled materials in packaging, which they argue is needed to galvanise the supply and demand for circularity – in September, Plastics Europe went one step further and demanded a mandatory EU recycled content target for plastics packaging of 30% by 2030.

Recycled PE through QRP is increasingly showing the sector that this is economically possible and that their trials are just a sample of a more circular future. Researchers have also examined applications for PO and PP, as well as how such recycled polymers can be used for more high value rigid applications, where they found a range of other valuable markets that can reinforce the business model for QRP.

CEFLEX, a circular economy project with more than 180 European companies, associations and organisations from the entire value chain, developed Quality Recycling Process (QRP) to offer a more valuable way to mechanically recycle a higher proportion of plastic from flexible packaging.

It uses combination of four steps each delivered by an existing technology, including advanced sorting techniques, hot washing, extrusion with extra filtration and deodorisation.

However, while these technologies have been successfully trialled and implemented in different facilities throughout Europe, they have yet to feature in the same commercial site.

“The QRP enables a much greater percentage of flexible packaging to be returned to the economy – and in the quantities and the qualities needed to meet the requirements of new end markets,” said Dana Mosora, technology workstream lead at CEFLEX.

“Today, there is no single plant which has all four technologies in a sequence, which would make it a fully blown Quality Recycling Process and enable the highest quality recyclate possible from flexible packaging,” explained Dana.

Over the last several years, CEFLEX has tested its QRP in new and existing waste streams, including the so-called ‘310 bale’ of flexible packaging, which is a bundle of materials often made up of different types of PE films.

CEFLEX is looking to create the first commercial waste processing plant based around Quality Recycling Process (QRP).

CEFLEX found that if a single 310 bale went through QRP, a minimum of 20-25% of recyclate would be produced to one of the highest grades (PE Film Natural) and about 60-55% of the remaining material would be leftover for other rigid commercial activities, such as making laundry baskets or bottle caps.

If QRP’s four steps were all at the same plant, it could create a more efficient and steadier supply of circular materials for the marketplace. CELEX believes that having such a plant would also send a powerful economic current across the sector and incentivize even greater collection for recycling or flexible packaging, providing even more materials.

Dana explains that this is why CEFLEX has now embarked on the journey to build an industrial scale QRP demonstration plant with a goal to be running commercially by end of 2023.

“This will help us demonstrate the economic viability of the solution at a large industrial scale,” said Dana, adding that CEFLEX are now looking for more partners to join and help co-design, fund, manage and run the plant.

Foundations of success

The business model for a new circular plant already has a strong economic foundation after CEFLEX funded research that found any investments made into the project can eventually be offset by the profits generated in the long run.

The researchers used a range of market data to create a model that analyzed the composition of a typical 310 bale of flexible packaging and how much it would cost for it to go through a QRP plant and the revenues this could then generate.

This analysis found that it could cost around €520 for each ton of a ‘310’ materials to pass through a QRP plan, which incorporates the capital investment in QRP technologies like hot and cold washing, as well as additional sorting processes.

However, if the output experiences high enough demand it could see a revenue generated upwards of €600 per ton, leaving a net profit of €80 per ton and enough income to guarantee long-term profitability.

The research also found similar results for other bales of flexible packaging waste consisting of polyolefins (PO) and polypropylene (PP).

Building the business case

The final piece of the QRP’s commercial puzzle is having established and profitable markets for recycled flexible packaging materials. This saw CEFLEX work with another group of researchers to explore how QRP could supply new and existing markets with a source of materials that can compete with virgin plastic.

In a range of trials on using the recycled output from 310 bales, it was found that the reclaimed materials can be used for new packaging film applications as well as robust film and injection moulding too.

A PE collation shrink film has been made with 30% recycled content blended from the QRP materials, and performed very well when wrapped around a bundle of Pepsi bottles.

The PE collation shrink film made with 30% recycled content blended from QRP materials performed well when wrapped around a bundle of Pepsi bottles.

The trials were also able to demonstrate a 30% threshold of recycled content in resealable PP pouches, which Prof. Ragaert described as good enough to meet the needed functionality and production process.

Increasingly, plastic businesses are calling for a 30% minimum threshold of recycled materials in packaging, which they argue is needed to galvanise the supply and demand for circularity – in September, Plastics Europe went one step further and demanded a mandatory EU recycled content target for plastics packaging of 30% by 2030.

Recycled PE through QRP is increasingly showing the sector that this is economically possible and that their trials are just a sample of a more circular future. Researchers have also examined applications for PO and PP, as well as how such recycled polymers can be used for more high value rigid applications, where they found a range of other valuable markets that can reinforce the business model for QRP.